[Splenosis: an unrecognized cause of pelvic pain]

A case of painful pelvic splenosis is reported. This diagnosis concerns a patient suffering from pelvic pain who had had a splenectomy done thirteen years earlier. Two complementary examinations allowed us to make a precise pre-operatory diagnosis. The differential diagnoses are listed and endometriosis in particular. The authors think that the nodules of splenosis are probably a defense against infections affecting "splenic" patients. Consequently, the removal only of symptomatic ectopic splenic tissue is indicated.