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Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
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Measuring industrial operational efficiency and factor analysis: A dynamic series-parallel recycling DEA model.

Lina Zhang1, Xinya Du1, Yung-Ho Chiu2

  • 1Business School, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|August 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a dynamic series-parallel data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to assess industrial recycling efficiency. Results show the industrial waste treatment process significantly impacts overall system efficiency, with market-based regulations proving most effective.

Keywords:
Factor analysisIndustrial operational systemPollution treatmentRecycling efficiencySeries-parallel data envelopment analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science and Engineering
  • Operations Research
  • Environmental Economics

Background:

  • Global efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goals necessitate improved industrial recycling efficiency.
  • Limited research exists on the series-parallel structure of industrial recycling systems using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).
  • Existing studies often overlook the interconnectedness of production and waste treatment processes in recycling efficiency assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a dynamic series-parallel DEA model to measure the efficiency of industrial recycling systems.
  • To analyze the efficiency relationships between the overall system, industrial production, and industrial waste treatment (IWT) processes and sub-units.
  • To identify key factors influencing IWT efficiency, including different types of environmental regulations.

Main Methods:

  • A dynamic series-parallel DEA model incorporating a directional distance function was proposed.
  • The industrial recycling system was modeled as a serial connection of production and IWT processes, with IWT further divided into parallel wastewater, waste gas, and solid waste treatment sub-units.
  • The Spatial Durbin Model was employed to investigate the influencing factors on efficiency across 30 provinces from 2011-2019.

Main Results:

  • The overall industrial operational system exhibited medium performance (average efficiency of 0.69), primarily due to the underperformance of the IWT process (efficiency of 0.61).
  • Wastewater treatment sub-units demonstrated the highest efficiency, followed by waste gas and solid waste treatment sub-units.
  • Market-based environmental regulations significantly enhanced local IWT efficiency and exhibited significant spatial spillover effects, unlike command-and-control or voluntary regulations.

Conclusions:

  • The IWT process is a critical bottleneck for overall industrial recycling efficiency.
  • Wastewater treatment is the most efficient component within the IWT process, while solid waste treatment requires the most improvement.
  • Market-based environmental regulations are more effective in promoting IWT efficiency and have broader spatial impacts compared to other regulatory approaches.