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A Multi-institutional Study Evaluating Pediatric Burn Injuries During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Christina M Georgeades1,2, Amelia T Collings3, Manzur Farazi1,2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association
|August 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric burn injuries rose during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite stay-at-home orders. Flame burns increased, while contact burns decreased, indicating a shift in injury types during this period.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Trauma Surgery
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread school closures and stay-at-home orders.
  • Understanding the impact of these public health measures on pediatric injury patterns is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of pediatric burn injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To compare burn injury characteristics before and after the pandemic's onset.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric trauma patients (<18 years) from eight Level I Pediatric Trauma Centers.
  • Comparison of burn injury data from March-September 2019 (Control) and March-September 2020 (COVID cohort).
  • Utilized National Trauma Data Bank and ICD-10 codes for patient identification and injury classification.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in pediatric burn injuries was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic (7.8% in COVID cohort vs. 6.7% in Control cohort, P = .03).
  • Flame burns increased (26.8% vs. 19.0%, P = .01), while contact burns decreased (22.6% vs. 28.4%, P = .05).
  • Increased transfers from outside institutions and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays were noted in the COVID cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a higher incidence of pediatric burn injuries.
  • Changes in burn types and increased healthcare utilization suggest altered injury circumstances during the pandemic.
  • Public health interventions aimed at safety may have inadvertently contributed to specific injury increases.

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