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Inflammaging: The ground for sarcopenia?

Zejun Liang1, Tianxiao Zhang2, Honghong Liu3

  • 1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.

Experimental Gerontology
|August 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammaging, or chronic inflammation with aging, drives sarcopenia, a muscle-wasting disease. Targeting inflammation pathways offers a promising therapeutic strategy for this age-related condition.

Keywords:
Anti-inflammatory cytokinesInflammagingProinflammatory cytokinesSarcopeniaSkeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Muscle Physiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is a progressive skeletal muscle disease common in the elderly, leading to increased healthcare costs.
  • Current treatments include exercise and nutrition, but specific pharmacological options are lacking.
  • Aging is associated with inflammaging, characterized by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between inflammaging and sarcopenia.
  • To explore the sources and mechanisms of inflammaging contributing to sarcopenia.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation for sarcopenia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the interplay between aging, inflammation, and muscle health.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular pathways involved in inflammaging and sarcopenia.
  • Examination of key inflammatory markers like TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10.

Main Results:

  • Inflammaging, driven by factors like cellular senescence and gut microbiota changes, exacerbates sarcopenia.
  • Sarcopenia can, in turn, worsen inflammaging, creating a detrimental cycle.
  • Both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines influence muscle function and sarcopenia progression.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting sources of inflammaging, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) and inflammatory pathways (JAK/STAT, autophagy, NF-κB), may be a viable therapeutic approach for sarcopenia.
  • Modulating inflammation holds potential for improving muscle mass and function in elderly individuals.
  • Further research into the complex relationship between inflammation and sarcopenia is warranted.