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Assessment of Cariogenicity by pH-value Decrement of Plaque Solution with Four Infant Milk Formulas: An In Vitro

Anil Pandey1, Lumbini Pathivada2, Premkishore Kajapuram2

  • 1Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
|August 22, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study found that common infant formulas significantly lower plaque pH, increasing the risk of early childhood caries (ECC). Further research into infant formula cariogenicity is recommended to protect dental health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Cariology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infant formulas are widely used globally for infant nutrition.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the significant caries-inducing potential of various infant formulas.
  • This necessitates increased awareness regarding the role of infant formulas in early childhood caries (ECC) etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the pH changes in plaque solutions after exposure to four common infant milk formulas.
  • To assess the cariogenic potential of infant formulas through in vitro pH measurements.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized study involving 40 children aged 4-6 years old.
  • Plaque samples were collected from posterior teeth after children rinsed with four different infant formulas.
  • Plaque pH was measured at 30 and 60 minutes post-rinsing at 37°C.

Main Results:

  • All four tested infant milk formulas significantly decreased mean plaque solution pH levels at both 30 and 60 minutes.
  • The pH reduction varied among the different infant formulas tested.
  • Most formulas lowered plaque pH below the baseline level.

Conclusions:

  • Infant formulas can significantly reduce intraoral pH, potentially contributing to early childhood caries (ECC).
  • The cariogenicity of infant formulas warrants further investigation.
  • Dentists and parents should be aware of the cariogenic risk associated with infant formulas.
Abstract

Keywords:
Early childhood cariesInfant formulasPlaque pH

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