Advances in single-cell nanoencapsulation and applications in diseases

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Cell Biology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Single-cell nanoencapsulation involves coating individual cells with nanomaterials.
• The technology has matured with advancements in nano-polymer materials and functional modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review cell nanoencapsulation therapies for diseases.
• To discuss cell sources, nanoencapsulation technologies, and recent research advances.

Main Methods:

• Interfacial polycondensation
• Complex condensation
• Spray drying
• Microdroplet ejection
• Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly

Main Results:

• LbL assembly utilizes nanomaterials with opposite charges for film formation on cells.
• Nanoencapsulation can promote cell proliferation, immune isolation, and prolong circulation time in vivo.
• Encapsulated cells offer potential in cell catalysis, biotherapy, vaccine manufacturing, and antitumor therapy.

Conclusions:

• Nanoencapsulation is a promising technology for various biomedical applications.
• Choosing appropriate cell types and biocompatible nanomaterials is crucial for therapeutic success.
• Further research in preclinical and clinical settings is essential to advance cell nanoencapsulation therapies.