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Relationship between vascular ageing and left ventricular geometry in patients with newly diagnosed primary
Miao Huang1, Jiaying Li1, Xiexiong Zhao1
1Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Insights
Vascular aging markers like brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) are linked to left ventricular geometry changes in primary aldosteronism (PA). These findings aid in the early assessment of cardiac damage in PA patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
- Hypertension Research
Background:
- Left ventricular (LV) geometry changes indicate early cardiac damage.
- Vascular aging's impact on LV geometry is known, but not in primary aldosteronism (PA).
- PA involves more severe organ damage than essential hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between vascular aging and LV geometry in newly diagnosed PA.
- To assess if vascular aging parameters predict cardiac structural changes in PA.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 146 newly diagnosed PA patients.
- Collected vascular aging data: ankle-brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).
- Assessed LV geometry using echocardiography.
Main Results:
- Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) correlated with LV mass index (LVMI).
- Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) correlated with relative wall thickness (RWT).
- cIMT associated with LV hypertrophy (LVH); baPWV associated with LV concentric geometry (LVCG).
Conclusions:
- baPWV is linked to LV concentric geometry, and cIMT to LV hypertrophy in newly diagnosed PA.
- baPWV and cIMT measurements are crucial for early cardiac damage assessment in PA.
Background:
Changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry are early manifestations of cardiac damage. The relationship between vascular aging and LV geometry has been reported. However, in newly diagnosed primary aldosteronism (PA), with more severe target organ damage than essential hypertension, the relationship between vascular aging and LV geometry has never been described.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study among newly diagnosed PA from 1 January 2017 to 30 September 2021 at the Third Xiangya Hospital. The data of vascular aging parameters were collected, including ankle-brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Echocardiography data were collected to assess LV geometry patterns.
Results:
A total of 146 patients with newly diagnosed PA were included. The mean age was 44.77 ± 9.79 years, and 46.58% participants were women. Linear regression analysis adjusting all potential confounders showed that cIMT was significantly associated with LV mass index (LVMI) (β=0.164, P=0.028) and baPWV was significantly associated with relative wall thickness (RWT) (β= 0.00005, P=0.025). Multifactorial adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that cIMT was significantly associated with LV hypertrophy (LVH) (OR=7.421, 95%CI: 1.717-815.688, P=0.021) and baPWV was significantly associated with LV concentric geometry (LVCG) (OR=1.003, 95%CI: 1.001-1.006, P=0.017).
Conclusion:
baPWV was significantly associated with LVCG and cIMT was significantly associated with LVH in newly diagnosed PA. This study provides insights on the importance of baPWV measurement and cIMT measurement in early assessment of cardiac damage in newly diagnosed PA.
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