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Chatbot-Delivered Interventions on Psychological Health Among Young People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jiaying Li1, Yan Li1, Yule Hu1
1School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Chatbot interventions effectively reduce psychological distress in young people, though they do not significantly improve overall well-being. These digital tools are feasible and acceptable, offering a promising supplement to traditional mental health services.
Area of Science:
- Digital mental health
- Human-computer interaction
- Psychological interventions
Background:
- Significant gap exists in meeting young people's psychological health needs.
- Chatbots offer synchronous interaction for potential treatment gap fulfillment.
- Evaluating chatbot interventions for youth mental health is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- Systematically evaluate the effectiveness of chatbot-delivered interventions for young people's psychological health.
- Assess the feasibility and acceptability of these digital interventions.
- Identify factors influencing treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of 11 databases (Jan 2014 - Sep 2024).
- Meta-analyses and subgroup analyses of randomized controlled trials.
- Narrative synthesis for feasibility and acceptability.
Main Results:
- 29 eligible studies identified; 13 were randomized controlled trials.
- Chatbot interventions significantly reduced psychological distress.
- No significant effect on psychological well-being; feasibility and acceptability confirmed.
Conclusions:
- Chatbot-delivered interventions show potential to supplement existing mental health services.
- Effectiveness is influenced by sample type, platform, interaction, and response generation.
- Chatbots are a feasible and acceptable addition to youth mental healthcare.
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