Bulk and Surface Acoustic Wave Biosensors for Milk Analysis

Area of Science:

• Food Science and Technology
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biosensor Technology

Background:

• Milk and dairy products undergo rigorous quality control, necessitating precise analysis of composition and physical properties.
• Analysis encompasses routine ingredients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), impurities (drug residues, toxins), and microorganisms.
• Physical parameters like viscosity are crucial indicators of milk quality, e.g., gelation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of acoustic wave sensors for comprehensive milk analysis.
• To highlight the capabilities of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices in this domain.
• To assess how these sensors address challenges posed by complex milk matrices and meet regulatory requirements.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing bulk and surface acoustic wave sensors (QCM, SAW) for detection and quantification.
• Tailoring sensor coatings and test formats for specific analytes and physical parameters.
• Reviewing existing literature on acoustic sensor performance in milk analysis.

Main Results:

• Acoustic sensors demonstrate potential for identifying and quantifying milk components and impurities.
• These devices can effectively measure physical parameters such as viscosity.
• The review showcases successful applications in detecting low- and high-molecular-weight analytes and microorganisms.

Conclusions:

• Acoustic sensor technology, including QCM and SAW, is a promising tool for diverse milk analysis applications.
• Sensor design and application strategies are key to overcoming matrix effects and meeting analytical demands.
• These advanced sensors can support regulatory compliance and ensure milk safety and quality.