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Related Concept Videos

The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating02:48

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Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time.
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What are Biogeochemical Cycles?00:54

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The most common elements in organic molecules, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, are only available in the ecosystem in limited amounts. Therefore, these nutrients must be recycled through both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, in processes generally called biogeochemical cycles.
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Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses
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MODELLING GLOBAL CARBON AND RADIOCARBON CYCLES.

David John1,2, Pavel Kundrát2, Kateřina Pachnerová Brabcová2

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This study uses radiocarbon (14C) and mathematical modeling to analyze the global carbon cycle. The research helps predict future atmospheric CO2 levels and understand past climate events.

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Area of Science:

  • Earth System Science
  • Climate Science
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • The carbon cycle is crucial for understanding climate change.
  • Radiocarbon (14C) is a valuable tracer for studying carbon cycle dynamics.
  • Mathematical modeling integrates data and predicts future atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a mathematical model of the global carbon cycle.
  • To validate the model against measured data.
  • To predict future atmospheric CO2 levels and interpret past events.

Main Methods:

  • A mathematical model incorporating a single-box atmosphere, ocean surface layer, 1D diffusive ocean, and two-box biota was developed.
  • Model validation was performed against measured radiocarbon data.
  • The model was used for predictions and interpretation of past events.

Main Results:

  • The study presents a validated mathematical model of the carbon cycle.
  • The model allows for assessment of carbon compartments, fluxes, and characteristic times.
  • Predictions on future CO2 levels and insights into past events were obtained.

Conclusions:

  • Mathematical modeling, particularly with radiocarbon tracers, is essential for understanding and predicting the carbon cycle.
  • The presented model offers a tool for climate change research and interpretation of paleoclimatic data.
  • Further refinement of carbon cycle models can improve climate change projections.