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Administration of 3% Sodium Chloride and Local Infusion Reactions
Michael L Moritz1,2, Juan C Ayus3, Joel B Nelson4
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Three-percent sodium chloride (3% NaCl) is a safe hyperosmolar agent for treating brain swelling. A 10-year study found no local infusion reactions when 3% NaCl was given peripherally.
Area of Science:
- Medical Sciences
- Clinical Pharmacy
- Neurology
Background:
- Three-percent sodium chloride (3% NaCl) is a hyperosmolar agent used for hyponatremic encephalopathy and increased intracranial pressure.
- A significant barrier to its use is the perceived risk of local infusion reactions via peripheral veins.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence of local infusion reactions associated with peripheral 3% NaCl administration over a decade.
- To assess the safety profile of peripheral 3% NaCl in a large healthcare system.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective query of a healthcare system's Risk Master database from May 2010 to May 2020.
- Inclusion criteria focused on non-chemotherapeutic, non-contrast intravenous events, specifically searching for local infusion reactions related to 3% NaCl.
Main Results:
- Over 10 years, across 40 hospitals, no local infusion reactions were reported with 3% NaCl administration.
- 2306 patients received 3% NaCl, with no associated infiltrations, extravasations, or phlebitis.
Conclusions:
- Peripheral administration of 3% NaCl is associated with a low risk of local infusion reactions.
- Findings support the safe use of 3% NaCl via peripheral IV or central venous catheters.
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