U-Shaped Relation of Dietary Thiamine Intake and New-Onset Hypertension

Background: To examine the relation of dietary thiamine intake with risk of new-onset hypertension in the general adults. Methods: A total of 12,177 participants without hypertension at baseline from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were included. The study outcome was new-onset hypertension, which was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg or under antihypertensive treatment or diagnosed by physician during the follow-up. Results: A total of 4269 participants occurred new-onset hypertension over a median follow-up of 6.1 years. Overall, there was a U-shaped relation (p for nonlinearity <0.001) of dietary thiamine intake with new-onset hypertension, with an inflection point at 0.93 mg/day. Accordingly, in the threshold effect analysis, there was an inverse association between dietary thiamine intake (per SD increment: HR, 0.62; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.72) and new-onset hypertension in participants with dietary thiamine intake <0.93 mg/day, and a positive association between dietary thiamine intake (per SD increment: HR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.32, 1.44) and new-onset hypertension in those with dietary thiamine intake ≥0.93 mg/day. Conclusion: The association between dietary thiamine intake and the risk of new-onset hypertension followed a U-shaped relation in the general Chinese population, with an inflection point at 0.93 mg/day of dietary thiamine intake.