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Income Inequality and Pregnancy-Associated Homicide in the US: A Longitudinal, State-Level Analysis
Lauren Dyer1, Dovile Vilda1, Emily Harville2
1Mary Amelia Women's Center, Department of Social, Behavioral and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Violence Against Women
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Pregnancy-associated homicide rates increase with higher income inequality. States with the most income inequality showed a significant rise in pregnancy-associated homicides compared to those with the least.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Pregnancy-associated homicide is a critical yet understudied issue.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for prevention efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between income inequality and pregnancy-associated homicide rates.
- To quantify the risk of homicide associated with varying levels of economic disparity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized restricted-use mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
- Employed the National Violent Death Reporting System for comprehensive data.
- Calculated state-level pregnancy-associated homicide ratios (deaths per live births).
- Categorized state Gini index (income inequality) into tertiles for analysis.
Main Results:
- States with the highest income inequality exhibited a significantly higher pregnancy-associated homicide rate.
- An adjusted longitudinal linear model revealed a rate of 1.28 per 100,000 for the highest inequality tertile compared to the lowest.
- Income inequality emerged as a significant predictor of pregnancy-associated homicide.
Conclusions:
- Higher levels of income inequality are associated with increased rates of pregnancy-associated homicide.
- Addressing economic disparities may be a key strategy in reducing these tragic deaths.
- Further research into the mechanisms linking inequality and violence is warranted.
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