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Sacroiliac innervation
Hanno Steinke1, Toshiyuki Saito2, Janne Kuehner3
1Department of Anatomy, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. steinke@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
Summary
Nerves innervating the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) travel dorsally through ligamentous compartments. These neurovascular bundles, potentially causing SIJ pain when impinged, are found in specific gaps and tunnels.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Neuroscience
- Pain Research
Background:
- Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is a common clinical issue.
- Understanding the precise innervation of the SIJ is crucial for diagnosing and treating associated pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the detailed innervation pattern of the dorsal sacroiliac region.
- To determine if nerves reach the SIJ by passing through ligamentous compartments, hypothesizing this as a source of dorsal SIJ pain.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of over 50 human specimens using plastination and histological staining.
- Detailed mapping of nerves in the sacroiliac region.
- Construction of 3D models to visualize neuroanatomical pathways.
Main Results:
- Neurovascular bundles, formed by spinal nerve branches (L5-S1 and S1-S4) and vessels, were identified within fatty connective tissue in gaps and tunnels.
- Nerves pass through inner and outer sacroiliac ligaments but do not directly reach the SIJ itself.
- Observed gaps and tunnels connect to the dorsal SIJ, suggesting a potential pathway for innervation and pain.
Conclusions:
- The study refines the understanding of sacroiliac innervation, correlating it with clinical terms like "sacroiliac pain."
- The findings support the hypothesis that impingement of neurovascular bundles within specific anatomical structures may cause SIJ pain.
- Watery gaps and tunnels are implicated as significant factors in SIJ innervation and the etiology of SIJ pain.
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