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Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient01:24

Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient

1.7K
Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
The activity coefficient is a measure of the deviation from ideal behavior. When the ionic strength of the solution is minimal, the activity coefficient of an ionic species is close to unity, making...
1.7K
Thermodynamics: Chemical Potential and Activity01:10

Thermodynamics: Chemical Potential and Activity

1.1K
The effective concentration of a species in a solution can be expressed precisely in terms of its activity. Activity considers the effect of electrolytes present in the vicinity of the species of interest and depends on the ionic strength of the solution. The activity of a species is expressed as the product of molar concentration and the activity coefficient of the species.
The thermodynamic equilibrium constant is more accurately defined in terms of activity rather than concentration.
1.1K
Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions03:26

Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions

55.1K
An acid-base reaction is one in which a hydrogen ion, H+, is transferred from one chemical species to another. Such reactions are of central importance to numerous natural and technological processes, ranging from the chemical transformations within cells or lakes and oceans to the industrial-scale production of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and other substances essential to the society.
55.1K
Resting Membrane Potential01:24

Resting Membrane Potential

19.1K
The relative difference in electrical charge, or voltage, between the inside and the outside of a cell membrane, is called the membrane potential. It is generated by differences in permeability of the membrane to various ions and the concentrations of these ions across the membrane.
The Inside of a Neuron is More Negative
The membrane potential of a cell can be measured by inserting a microelectrode into a cell and comparing the charge to a reference electrode in the extracellular fluid. The...
19.1K
The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

134.5K
Overview
134.5K
Resting Potential Decay01:15

Resting Potential Decay

5.0K
The resting membrane potential of a neuron (-70mV) is sustained due to the selective ion permeability of the membrane. At the resting potential, the membrane is slightly permeable to ions like sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) and highly permeable to potassium ions (K+). Differences in the ions' concentration inside the cell compared to the outside are maintained by membrane transport proteins like channels and pumps.
At rest, the K+ is the main ion that moves across the membrane...
5.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters
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Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters

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The Activity of Neutrality.

Steven H Cooper1

  • 15 West 86th Street 11 E, New York, NY 10024.

The Psychoanalytic Quarterly
|August 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Analyst neutrality is an active, evolving process, not a fixed state. It involves continuous thinking and curiosity to aid patient self-discovery and self-realization.

Area of Science:

  • Psychoanalysis
  • Psychotherapy
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Neutrality is a core psychoanalytic concept.
  • Evolving theoretical perspectives challenge traditional views of neutrality.
  • Understanding analyst neutrality is crucial for effective therapeutic practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conceptualize analyst neutrality as an active, dynamic process.
  • To explore the multifaceted functions inherent in neutrality.
  • To examine recent theoretical shifts and illustrate with clinical examples.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of analyst neutrality.
  • Review of recent theoretical literature on neutrality.
  • Presentation of a clinical vignette.
Keywords:
Anna FreudNeutralityWinnicottactivityanalytic theorydepressive positiondreamingenactmentinterpretationtransference-countertransferenceunconscious meanings

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Main Results:

  • Analyst neutrality is presented as a dynamic, evolving activity.
  • Neutrality is understood as a cluster concept encompassing multiple functions.
  • The clinical vignette demonstrates the practical application of this dynamic neutrality.

Conclusions:

  • Neutrality requires ongoing analyst engagement and curiosity.
  • A dynamic view of neutrality enhances therapeutic potential.
  • Further exploration of neutrality's functions is warranted.