Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

556
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
556
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

3.4K
The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
3.4K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

1.3K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Using radiological brain health to predict recurrence after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: A population-based study.

Neurology open access·2026
Same author

Ketorolac Administration During Admission Is Not Associated With Nonunion Following Treatment of Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics·2026
Same author

Associated Factors and Outcomes of Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Permanent Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Placement.

Neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Hypertension With High-Risk Features in Cryptogenic Stroke: An Exploratory Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA neurology·2026
Same author

Clinical Application of Pharmacogenomics in Stroke Management: Current Evidence and Future Directions.

Journal of stroke·2026
Same author

Effect of Time from Puncture to Recanalization on Poststroke Disposition and Associated Costs.

Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Factors Associated With Disability Improvement and Worsening Independent of Attacks in Patients With AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD and MOGAD: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

Cost-Effectiveness of Intracranial Aneurysm Screening: A Systematic Review.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

Rare Eating Epilepsy: Co-Occurrence of Focal Cortical Dysplasia and Gray Matter Heterotopia.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

Spatiotemporal Associations Between Cortical Microinfarcts and Cortical Superficial Siderosis in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Before Interhospital Transfer for Thrombectomy and Clinical Outcome.

Neurology·2026
Same journal

At Death's Door: Cytosolic Dopamine in Patients With Parkinson Disease.

Neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

15.0K

Racial Disparities in Stroke Recurrence: A Population-Based Study.

David Joseph Robinson1, Robert Stanton2, Heidi Sucharew2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (D.J.R., R.S.K.A., M.H., S.F., E.A.M., S.D., D.W., B.K.), University of Cincinnati; Department of Biostatistics (H.S.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Miami Neuroscience Institute (F.d.l.R.l.R.), Baptist Health South Florida; Department of Neurology (E.C.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A.J.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (J.M.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel; Department of Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City; Department of Emergency Medicine (K.W.), University of Cincinnati, OH; and Department of Neurology (D.O.K.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. drobinism@gmail.com.

Neurology
|August 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Black individuals have a higher risk of recurrent stroke, but this difference significantly decreases when traditional stroke risk factors are considered. Addressing these factors may reduce stroke recurrence disparities.

More Related Videos

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.4K
Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability
09:11

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

22.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 30, 2025

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

15.0K
A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

10.4K
Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability
09:11

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

22.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Significant racial disparities exist in stroke incidence in the United States.
  • Black individuals face a higher risk of initial stroke, even after accounting for known risk factors.
  • The risk of recurrent stroke among Black individuals remains largely unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Black race and the risk of recurrent stroke.
  • To determine if traditional stroke risk factors mediate the relationship between race and stroke recurrence.
  • To identify potential targets for reducing racial disparities in stroke recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 3,816 patients with index stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) was followed for 3 years.
  • Multivariable survival analysis was used to assess the effect of Black race on stroke recurrence.
  • Traditional stroke risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, age, left ventricular hypertrophy) were included as covariates.

Main Results:

  • The 3-year stroke recurrence rate was 15.4% in the study population.
  • Black individuals showed a higher age- and sex-adjusted risk of recurrent stroke (HR 1.34).
  • After adjusting for traditional risk factors, the association between Black race and recurrence was attenuated and no longer significant (HR 1.1).
  • The association was stronger at younger ages and may not be fully explained by traditional risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • While recurrent stroke is more common in Black individuals, this disparity is substantially reduced when traditional risk factors are accounted for.
  • Interventions focused on managing hypertension, diabetes, and other risk factors could help mitigate racial disparities in stroke recurrence.
  • Further research is needed to understand the role of risk factors in younger Black individuals experiencing recurrent stroke.