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Numerical study on existing RC circular section members under unequal impact collision.

Liu Yanhui1, Khalil Al-Bukhaiti2, Zhao Shichun1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

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This study simulates derailed train collisions with reinforced concrete structures using finite-element models. Findings reveal how impact velocity and member properties influence structural failure and cracking patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Civil Engineering
  • Structural Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Increasing frequency of traffic and train accidents poses risks to reinforced concrete (RC) structures.
  • Side collisions involving derailed trains and RC members are understudied despite their structural implications.
  • RC members are prevalent in high-speed railway infrastructure, making them vulnerable to impact events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate and analyze the dynamic behavior of circular reinforced concrete members subjected to derailed train impacts.
  • To investigate the failure mechanisms and response characteristics of RC structures under high-energy impact loads.
  • To provide insights into the influence of various parameters on structural integrity during train-related accidents.

Main Methods:

  • Development of high-fidelity finite-element (FE) models using ABAQUS software for impact simulation.
  • Validation of FE models against experimental data, including failure modes and time-history responses.
  • Parametric study using control variables to analyze impact response, failure process, and crack development.

Main Results:

  • The finite-element models accurately predicted failure modes and dynamic responses of RC members under impact.
  • Impact velocity and member slenderness ratio were identified as critical factors influencing failure modes.
  • Reinforcement ratio and concrete strength significantly affected shear crack patterns and their propagation.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a reliable simulation framework for assessing the impact resistance of RC structures against train derailments.
  • Understanding the influence of key parameters is crucial for designing safer railway infrastructure.
  • The findings contribute to mitigating damage and casualties from train-related accidents involving RC constructions.