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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Diffusion MRI in Intracranial Hypertension: Quantitative Assessment

Fatma Aktaş1, Zafer Özmen1

  • 1Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medical School, Department of Radiology.

Current Medical Imaging
|August 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and secondary intracranial hypertension (SIH) show increased brain diffusion, suggesting brain edema. Diffusion MRI can detect these changes in intracranial hypertension patients.

Keywords:
Diffusion MRIIdiopathic intracranial hypertensionsecondary intracranial hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Intracranial hypertension (IH) involves elevated intracranial pressure.
  • Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has no identifiable cause.
  • Secondary intracranial hypertension (SIH) results from specific underlying conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in brain diffusion values using diffusion MRI in patients with IH.
  • To determine if increased intracranial pressure alters diffusion MRI metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion MRI (b=500s/mm2 and b=1000s/mm2) was used to measure apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.
  • ADC values were analyzed in specific brain regions (white matter, cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus) in 24 IIH patients, 18 SIH patients, and 24 controls.
  • Mean ADC values were compared between the groups.

Main Results:

  • ADC values were significantly higher in the caudate nucleus and cortex of IIH patients compared to controls.
  • ADC measurements in subcortical white matter, cortex, and semioval center differed significantly between SIH patients and controls.
  • Differences in ADC were observed in central white matter, subcortical white matter, and the internal capsule between IIH and SIH groups.

Conclusions:

  • Increased diffusion in IIH and SIH patients supports the presence of brain edema.
  • The mechanism of brain edema in IIH may differ from that in SIH or other causes of edema.
  • Diffusion MRI is a valuable tool for assessing brain changes in intracranial hypertension.