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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
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Published on: April 21, 2012

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How I Approach Leishmaniasis: Diagnosis and Treatment in the United States

Tara E Ness1, Rachel Martin-Blais2,3, Jill E Weatherhead1,4,5

  • 1Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|August 31, 2022
PubMed

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by over 20 species of obligate intracellular protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis has a global distribution, including in the United States, and can cause a spectrum of clinical syndromes, including cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral diseases depending on host factors and the infecting Leishmania spp. Accurate diagnosis, including Leishmania species identification, is an important step to guide the most appropriate therapeutic intervention. Antileishmanial therapy is dependent on the Leishmania spp. identified, the clinical syndrome, and the child's immune system. However, many treatment regimens for children have been extrapolated from adult clinical trials, which may lead to underdosing and subsequent poor outcomes in infected children. Additional research is urgently needed to help guide therapy for children and determine appropriate antileishmanial agents, doses, and treatment courses for children with leishmaniasis.

Keywords:
leishmaniasisneglected tropical diseaseparasitestropical medicine

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