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Polyphenols Targeting Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury: Current Status and Future Vision
Fahadul Islam1, Sristy Bepary1, Mohamed H Nafady2
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
Abstract:
A spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when the spinal cord is deteriorated or traumatized, leading to motor and sensory functions lost even totally or partially. An imbalance within the generation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense levels results in oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation. After SCI, OS and occurring pathways of inflammations are significant strenuous drivers of cross-linked dysregulated pathways. It emphasizes the significance of multitarget therapy in combating SCI consequences. Polyphenols, which are secondary metabolites originating from plants, have the promise to be used as alternative therapeutic agents to treat SCI. Secondary metabolites have activity on neuroinflammatory, neuronal OS, and extrinsic axonal dysregulated pathways during the early stages of SCI. Experimental and clinical investigations have noted the possible importance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in moderating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators and axonal regeneration's extrinsic pathways after the SCI probable significance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in mediating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators. Furthermore, combining polyphenols could be a way to lessen the effects of SCI.
Insights
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes functional loss due to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Plant-derived polyphenols show promise as multitarget therapies to combat SCI effects by reducing inflammation and promoting nerve repair.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to significant motor and sensory function loss.
- Oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation are key pathological processes following SCI.
- Current treatments lack efficacy, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the therapeutic potential of polyphenols in managing SCI.
- To investigate the role of polyphenols in mitigating OS and neuroinflammation post-SCI.
- To assess the efficacy of combined polyphenol therapies for SCI.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental and clinical investigations on polyphenol effects in SCI models.
- Analysis of polyphenol mechanisms targeting OS and inflammatory pathways.
- Evaluation of polyphenol impact on axonal regeneration pathways.
Main Results:
- Polyphenols demonstrate neuroprotective effects by modulating OS and inflammatory mediators.
- Plant-derived polyphenols act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.
- Evidence suggests polyphenols can positively influence axonal regeneration pathways.
Conclusions:
- Polyphenols represent a promising class of natural compounds for SCI treatment.
- Multitarget therapies involving polyphenols may effectively combat SCI consequences.
- Further research into combined polyphenol strategies is warranted for SCI management.
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