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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites
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A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites

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Recent Advances in Nano Sorbent Materials for Solid-Phase Microextraction in Forensic Drug Analysis: Design,

Amal Al-Mosa1,2, Sami Ullah1,2,3, Abubakr M Idris1,2,3

  • 1Central Labs, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Advanced sorbent materials significantly enhance solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for forensic drug analysis. New materials offer higher sensitivity, capacity, and durability for reliable results.

Keywords:
Sample preparationdrug of abuseforensic drug analysisforensic toxicologysolid-phase microextraction (SPME)sorbent materials

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool

Published on: May 25, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is crucial for forensic drug analysis due to its efficiency and sensitivity.
  • Conventional SPME sorbents face limitations in complex matrices and require further optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review recent advances (2018-2025) in SPME sorbent materials for forensic drug analysis.
  • To evaluate the design, functionalization, and analytical performance of novel sorbent materials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature focusing on advanced SPME sorbents: MOFs, COFs, MIPs, CNTs, HLB, and PILs.
  • Analysis of reported enhancements in adsorption capacity, enrichment factors, LODs, recovery rates, and durability.
  • Correlation of sorbent chemistry and fabrication with analytical performance.

Main Results:

  • Advanced sorbents like COFs, MOFs, and MIPs show significantly improved performance over conventional materials.
  • Enhancements include up to 2245-fold increases in enrichment factors and LODs as low as ≤ 0.25-2 ng/mL.
  • High durability (50-300 cycles) and selectivity (98% protein exclusion) were observed with specific advanced sorbents.

Conclusions:

  • Rational sorbent design is key to enhancing extraction efficiency, reducing matrix effects, and improving reproducibility in forensic analysis.
  • Next-generation SPME materials offer a framework for reliable, high-throughput, and legally defensible forensic drug analysis.