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Advances in the imaging of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Anupama Ramachandran1, Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan2
1Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Abstract:
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors that differ in their pathogenesis, hormonal syndromes produced, biological behavior and consequently, in their requirement for and/or response to specific chemotherapeutic agents and molecular targeted therapies. Various imaging techniques are available for functional and morphological evaluation of these neoplasms and the selection of investigations performed in each patient should be customized to the clinical question. Also, with the increased availability of cross sectional imaging, these neoplasms are increasingly being detected incidentally in routine radiology practice. This article is a review of the various imaging modalities currently used in the evaluation of neuroendocrine neoplasms, along with a discussion of the role of advanced imaging techniques and a glimpse into the newer imaging horizons, mostly in the research stage.
Insights
This review covers imaging techniques for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). It discusses current methods, advanced imaging, and future research directions for evaluating these diverse tumors.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a diverse group of tumors with varied behavior.
- Their management requires tailored approaches due to differences in pathogenesis and treatment response.
- Incidental detection of GEP-NENs is increasing with routine cross-sectional imaging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current imaging modalities for evaluating GEP-NENs.
- To discuss the role of advanced imaging techniques in GEP-NEN assessment.
- To explore emerging imaging technologies for GEP-NENs.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on imaging techniques for GEP-NENs.
- Discussion of functional and morphological imaging evaluations.
- Exploration of advanced and novel imaging research.
Main Results:
- A range of imaging techniques are available for GEP-NENs.
- Imaging selection should be individualized based on clinical needs.
- Advanced and emerging imaging offer potential future benefits.
Conclusions:
- Imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis and management of GEP-NENs.
- Personalized imaging strategies are essential for effective patient care.
- Future imaging research holds promise for improved GEP-NEN evaluation.
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