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Wim De Neys1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dual-process models of human reasoning face challenges. This paper critiques the exclusivity and switch features of popular fast-and-slow models, proposing a new architecture for intuitive and deliberate thought.

Keywords:
decision makingdeliberationdual processheuristicsintuitionreasoningthinking

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision-Making Science

Background:

  • Dual-process models, distinguishing intuitive (fast) and deliberate (slow) thought, have dominated cognitive and social psychology for 50 years.
  • These models explain diverse phenomena including reasoning biases, prosocial behavior, and moral decision-making.
  • Despite their influence, foundational assumptions of these models remain poorly defined and empirically unsupported.

Approach:

  • Critically examines the 'exclusivity' assumption: that intuitive and deliberate processes yield unique outputs.
  • Analyzes the 'switch' mechanism: how individuals shift between intuitive and deliberate processing.
  • Reviews empirical evidence across key research fields to test these assumptions.

Key Points:

  • Empirical evidence does not support the exclusivity of intuitive or deliberate processing.
  • Existing 'switch' accounts are conceptually flawed, often presupposing exclusivity.
  • The critique highlights the need for a revised dual-process framework.

Conclusions:

  • Challenges the foundational exclusivity and switch features of dominant fast-and-slow dual-process models.
  • Proposes groundwork for a more robust dual-process architecture.
  • Sets a new research agenda to advance understanding of human reasoning.