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[Introduction to the microbiome].

Fabian Frost1

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin A, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland. fabian.frost@med.uni-greifswald.de.

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|September 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human microbiome, especially gut microbes, is vital for health, influencing immunity and metabolism. Disruptions in this microbial community are linked to various diseases, highlighting the need for medical professionals to understand microbiome modulation therapies.

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusDysbiosisFatty liverMicrobiome stabilityPancreas

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Health
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The human body hosts a vast community of microbes, known as the human microbiome.
  • Gut microbes are crucial for health, acting as a barrier against pathogens, performing metabolic functions, and regulating the immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the importance of basic microbiome knowledge for medical professionals.
  • To highlight the role of the gut microbiome in maintaining health and its connection to disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of microbiome structure and function.
  • Analysis of factors influencing gut microbiome composition.
  • Examination of microbiome alterations in disease states.

Main Results:

  • Key determinants of gut microbiome structure include pancreatic function, genetics, nutrition, age, sex, and obesity.
  • Disease-associated microbiome changes involve loss of diversity, reduced beneficial bacteria, and increased opportunistic pathogens, potentially leading to inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome is essential for health, and its dysbiosis is linked to various diseases.
  • Increasing knowledge and therapeutic applications of the microbiome necessitate basic understanding for all medical professionals.