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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Altered functional connectivity in children with ADHD while performing cognitive control task.

Uttam Kumar¹, Amit Arya², Vivek Agarwal²

¹Centre of Bio-Medical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow India.

Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging

|September 2, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) show impaired response inhibition due to abnormal brain connectivity. This study used fMRI to identify altered functional connectivity patterns during a cognitive task in children with ADHD.

Keywords:

Cognitive control Flanker Functional connectivity Response inhibition fMRI

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

Response inhibition is a key cognitive function often impaired in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD).
Understanding the neural underpinnings of these deficits is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate task-based functional connectivity differences in children with ADHD compared to typically developing (TD) children.
To identify specific brain regions and networks associated with response inhibition deficits in ADHD.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from 16 unmedicated children with ADHD and 16 TD children performing a flanker task.
Multivariate Pattern Analysis (MVPA) and seed-based functional connectivity analyses were employed to examine whole-brain connectivity patterns.

Main Results:

MVPA identified abnormal connectivity in six key regions, including the right Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG), right Supplementary Motor Area (SMA), bilateral precentral gyrus, left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC), and left cerebellum in children with ADHD.
Seed-based analyses revealed significantly altered connectivity across multiple brain regions.
BOLD-reaction time correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between the left DLPFC and right IFG.

Conclusions:

Children with ADHD exhibit altered functional brain connectivity, particularly in regions supporting cognitive control and response inhibition.
These findings underscore the role of disrupted neural networks in ADHD-related executive function deficits and highlight the utility of brain connectivity analysis for identifying these abnormalities.