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U(VI) binding onto electrospun polymers functionalized with phosphonate surfactants.

Nabil Shaikh1, Jiajie Qian2, Sewoon Kim2

  • 1Department of Civil, Construction, & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1070, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
|September 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Phosphonate-functionalized nanofibers show promise for uranium removal. Longer phosphonate chains improve uranium uptake, while bicarbonate ions decrease it by increasing uranium solubility. This research aids in developing better water treatment technologies.

Keywords:
Electrospun polymerPhosphonateSensingSpectroscopyUranium

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Phosphonate-functionalized electrospun nanofibers demonstrate potential for uranium (U(VI)) sensing and water treatment.
  • Optimizing nanofiber fabrication and understanding U(VI) binding mechanisms are crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the optimal fabrication of phosphonate-functionalized nanofibers for U(VI) uptake.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of U(VI) binding in the presence of environmentally relevant ions like calcium (Ca2+) and bicarbonate ( ).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers functionalized with varying phosphonate chain lengths (HDPA, ODPA).
  • Uranium uptake experiments under varying conditions of Ca2+ and concentrations.
  • Characterization using Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) fitting, aqueous extractions, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).

Main Results:

  • Longer-chain phosphonates (HDPA, ODPA) on PAN nanofibers enhanced U(VI) retention.
  • Uptake was unaffected by Ca2+ alone but decreased significantly in the presence of , suggesting increased uranium solubility due to UO2-CO3 complex formation.
  • EXAFS, extraction, and SERS data confirmed U(VI) binds to phosphonate as a monodentate inner sphere surface complex.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized phosphonate-functionalized PAN nanofibers are effective for U(VI) remediation.
  • Understanding the influence of co-existing ions is critical for designing efficient water treatment systems.
  • This study provides foundational knowledge for advancing in-situ uranium detection and removal technologies.