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Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
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[18F]FDG PET/CT in rheumatoid arthritis.

Richard N Graham1, Emmanouil Panagiotidis2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK - Richard.graham1@nhs.net.

The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging : Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [And] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [And] Section of the Society Of
|September 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Fluorine-18-labeled Sodium fluoride (NaF) shows promise for evaluating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) inflammation, disease severity, and treatment response.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints.
  • Current assessment methods for RA can be limited in evaluating disease activity and complications.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging offers advanced visualization of biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the utility of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in assessing RA inflammation and response.
  • To investigate the role of Fluorine-18-labeled Sodium fluoride (NaF) PET/CT in evaluating synovial osteoblastic activity and calcification in RA.
  • To discuss the potential of PET/CT in managing RA complications like vasculitis and malignancy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing [18F]FDG PET/CT to visualize and quantify synovial metabolic activity.
  • Employing NaF PET/CT to assess synovial osteoblastic activity and aortic calcification.
  • Reviewing the application of these PET tracers in RA disease severity assessment and differential diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • [18F]FDG PET/CT effectively images inflammation in RA, with standard uptake values correlating with synovial activity.
  • NaF PET/CT can determine synovial osteoblastic activity and is useful for studying aortic calcification in RA patients.
  • FDG PET/CT is emerging as a tool for response assessment in RA, similar to its role in cancer management.
  • PET/CT can aid in excluding malignancy when RA presentation is atypical.
  • Novel tracers are under investigation for RA, with potential theranostic applications.

Conclusions:

  • [18F]FDG and NaF PET/CT are valuable tools for evaluating inflammation, osteoblastic activity, and complications in rheumatoid arthritis.
  • These imaging techniques show potential for assessing disease severity, treatment response, and aiding in differential diagnosis.
  • Future research into novel PET tracers may further enhance the management of RA.