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Perinatal Physiological and Psychological Risk Factors and Childhood Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and
Ying Dai1, Kimberly Kovach Trout, Jianghong Liu
1School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP
|September 6, 2022
Summary
Maternal alcohol use, smoking, and depression during pregnancy and after birth are linked to poorer child sleep. Prenatal anxiety did not significantly impact child sleep outcomes in this review.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal mental health and child development.
- Sleep science and public health.
Background:
- Investigating the impact of maternal health on infant and child sleep is crucial for early intervention.
- Understanding risk factors associated with pregnancy and postpartum periods can inform targeted support for families.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, synthesizing data from 32 longitudinal studies.
- Searched six databases from inception to April 2021 for studies on maternal factors and child sleep outcomes.
- Pooled effect sizes using Hedge's g and odds ratios with a random effects model.
Key Points:
- Prenatal maternal alcohol use and tobacco smoking were associated with shorter child sleep duration.
- Prenatal and postnatal maternal depression symptoms and major depression disorders were linked to increased child sleep problems and reduced sleep efficiency.
- Prenatal anxiety did not show a significant association with child sleep problems.
Conclusions:
- Maternal physiological (alcohol, tobacco) and psychological (depression) factors during pregnancy and postpartum are significant risk factors for poor child sleep health.
- Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and mediating mechanisms of these maternal risk factors on child sleep.
- Identifying and addressing these maternal risk factors can contribute to improving child sleep outcomes.
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