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Related Concept Videos

Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

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Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
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Genome Copying Errors02:46

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DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
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RNA editing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Yan Guo1, Yuri F van der Heijden2, Fernanda Maruri3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Microbiological Research
|September 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered RNA editing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a bacterium where it was previously unreported. This finding opens new avenues for understanding gene regulation in this significant pathogen.

Keywords:
M. tuberculosisRNA editing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification process.
  • While extensively studied in eukaryotes, RNA editing in bacteria is less understood.
  • No RNA editing events have been previously reported in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of RNA editing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • To identify and characterize RNA editing events in Mtb isolates.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput sequencing of both RNA and DNA from Mtb isolates.
  • Rigorous quality control and validation of sequencing data.
  • Comparative sequence analysis to identify discrepancies between RNA and DNA.

Main Results:

  • The study reports the first identification of three distinct RNA editing events in Mtb.
  • These findings were validated through repeated sequencing and comparative analysis.
  • The identified editing events occurred in two different Mtb isolates.

Conclusions:

  • RNA editing occurs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • This discovery expands the known repertoire of RNA modification in bacteria.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the functional implications of RNA editing in Mtb pathogenesis.