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Mechanical Timer-Actuated Fluidic Dispensing System: Applications to an Automated Multistep Lateral Flow Immunoassay

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  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.

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|September 7, 2022
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Summary

We developed an automated fluidic dispensing system for sensitive lateral flow assays. This system precisely delivers multiple reagents, enabling high-performance point-of-care testing even in resource-limited settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Background:

  • Highly sensitive lateral flow assays often require complex, multi-step reagent delivery, including washing and signal amplification.
  • Implementing these sequences on automated, sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms presents significant challenges.
  • Current POCT devices struggle with precise fluidic control, reagent overlap, and carryover, limiting assay sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an automated fluidic dispensing system for sequential reagent delivery in lateral flow assays.
  • To address the limitations of existing POCT platforms in handling complex solution-based assay protocols.
  • To enable highly sensitive and user-friendly POCT applications, particularly in resource-limited environments.

Main Methods:

  • A novel system utilizing disposable cartridges and a timer-actuated mechanical instrument (cam-follower-gear components) for sequential reagent loading onto test strips.
  • Precise control over dispensing intervals (<1% variation) within a 60-minute actuation time.
  • A gold enhancement solution was used to amplify the detection signal for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection.

Main Results:

  • The system demonstrated accurate fluidic timing control with no reagent overlap or carryover and minimal reagent loss.
  • Achieved a limit of detection of 86 pg/mL for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) within 27 minutes.
  • The timer-actuated dispensing is independent of substrate and reagent selection, enhancing versatility.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed fluidic dispensing platform enables automated, sequential reagent delivery for highly sensitive solution-based POCT.
  • This technology overcomes key challenges in POCT, offering precise fluidic control and high sensitivity.
  • The system is suitable for user-friendly, sensitive diagnostic applications in resource-limited settings.