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Related Concept Videos

Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

310
Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key...
310
Design Example: Designing Water Slide01:18

Design Example: Designing Water Slide

299
When designing a water slide, controlling the speed of water flow is crucial for rider safety while maintaining an exciting experience. As water flows down the slide, gravity causes it to accelerate, with its speed at the bottom depending on the height from which it starts. The higher the slide, the more potential energy the water has at the top, which is converted into kinetic energy as it descends, increasing its speed.
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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building

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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Design Example: Designing a Residential Plumbing System01:25

Design Example: Designing a Residential Plumbing System

777
The design of residential plumbing systems requires carefully evaluating water demand, flow rates, and pressure dynamics to ensure both efficiency and reliability. The nature of water flow within pipes is defined by its Reynolds number, which classifies flow as either laminar (smooth) or turbulent.
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Design Example: Application of Archimedes' Principle01:11

Design Example: Application of Archimedes' Principle

273
Archimedes' principle is fundamental in analyzing the buoyant force and stability of floating bodies. In this example, a wooden block with a rectangular section floats in seawater. Based on the block's dimensions, its specific gravity and the specific weight of seawater are used to find the volume of water displaced and the center of buoyancy.
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Intellectual Disability01:29

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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Towards 3rd Generation Universal Design: Exploring Nonclusive Design.

Per-Olof Hedvall1, Margaret Price2, Johnna Keller3

  • 1Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|September 8, 2022
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Summary

This paper introduces "nonclusive design," a key element of 3rd generation Universal Design (UD). Nonclusive design moves beyond predefined user categories, focusing on context, function, and embracing human variation for inclusive environments.

Keywords:
DiversityIntersectionalityNorm-DeviationNormsUniversal Design

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Area of Science:

  • Design Studies
  • Architecture
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Universal Design (UD) is evolving beyond its initial generations.
  • Early signs indicate a shift towards a more inclusive and adaptable design paradigm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe the emergence of 3rd generation Universal Design (UD).
  • To define and explore the concept of "nonclusive design" as a core component of this shift.
  • To analyze the implications of nonclusive design using examples from the built and designed environment.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of design principles.
  • Identification of seven key themes characterizing the shift towards nonclusive design.
  • Examination of case studies in the built environment and signage.

Main Results:

  • Nonclusive design resists categorization of users and predefined limitations.
  • Key themes include shifts from included to undefined users, person to function, adaptism to variation, separation to convergence, reactive to proactive, unaware to aware, and explicit to tacit.
  • Nonclusive design emphasizes context, possibilities, functions, and facilities, promoting unity and variation.

Conclusions:

  • The growth of UD is intertwined with a cultural shift towards nonclusive, intersectional thinking.
  • 3rd generation UD, driven by nonclusive design, can foster innovation, embrace diversity, and contribute to a sustainable society.