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The Effect of Ginger and Its Sub-Components on Pain
Suyong Kim1,2,3, Chunhoo Cheon3, Bonglee Kim2,3
1Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 9, 2022
Summary
Ginger and its compounds, [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol, show promise in treating pain by affecting key receptors and pathways in the nervous system. Further research clarifies their analgesic mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Pain Management Research
Background:
- * Zingiber officinale (ginger) and its active compounds, [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol, possess known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties.
- * The precise effects of these ginger components on diverse pain types and their underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.
- * Herbal medicines and natural compounds are increasingly investigated for therapeutic potential in pain management.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To systematically review and analyze the effects of Zingiber officinale, [6]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol on mechanical, spontaneous, and thermal pain.
- * To elucidate the mechanisms of action responsible for the observed analgesic effects of these ginger-derived substances.
- * To consolidate current research on ginger's role in pain relief and identify knowledge gaps.
Main Methods:
- * Comprehensive analysis of 16 studies investigating the analgesic properties of Zingiber officinale, [6]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol.
- * Review focused on studies utilizing rodent models with pain induced by nerve injury or chemical stimuli.
- * Examination of studies detailing the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying pain modulation.
Main Results:
- * Nine studies confirmed the analgesic effects of Zingiber officinale, while four and three studies focused on [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol, respectively.
- * Seven studies provided insights into the mechanisms of action, implicating targets in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.
- * Observed mechanisms involve modulation of serotonergic receptors (5-HT), TRPV1, NMDA receptors, pERK1/2, HDAC1, Nav1.8, substance P, and sciatic nerve morphology.
Conclusions:
- * Zingiber officinale, [6]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol exhibit significant analgesic effects across various pain models.
- * The mechanisms of action are multifaceted, involving the modulation of neurotransmitter receptors, ion channels, and signaling pathways in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
- * These findings support the therapeutic potential of ginger and its constituents for managing different types of pain.
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