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Correlation between fat accumulation and fecal microbiota in crossbred pigs
Xin Li1, Mengyu Li1, Jinyi Han1
1College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, P. R. China.
Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea)
|September 10, 2022
Summary
Pig gut microbiome composition differs between high and low backfat thickness groups. Specific bacteria, like Clostridium, are linked to increased fat deposition, offering potential biomarkers for improving porcine traits.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Microbiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Backfat thickness (BF) is a key trait in pig genetics and breeding, influencing lean meat yield.
- Intestinal microbiota significantly impacts nutrient utilization and fat deposition in livestock.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between pig gut microbiome and backfat thickness (BF).
- To identify microbial biomarkers for predicting and improving porcine BF.
Main Methods:
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze fecal microbial diversity and composition in low-BF and high-BF Yunong Black pigs.
- LEfSe and Spearman correlation analyses identified differentially abundant bacteria and their correlation with BF.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in microbial beta diversity were observed between low-BF and high-BF groups.
- Bacterial genera Oscillospira, Peptococcus, and Bulleidia positively correlated with BF, while Sutterella and Bifidobacterium negatively correlated.
- Clostridium species, positively correlated with BF, ferment polysaccharides into SCFAs, promoting fat synthesis.
Conclusions:
- Gut microbial composition is associated with backfat thickness in pigs.
- Specific bacteria, such as Clostridium, may serve as biomarkers for BF.
- Findings can inform dietary strategies to modulate the gut microbiome for improved porcine fat deposition.
