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Food and guar decrease absorption of trimethoprim.

K Hoppu, J Tuomisto, O Koskimies

    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    To maximize trimethoprim efficacy, administer this antibiotic between meals. Food, with or without guar, significantly reduces trimethoprim absorption and its peak serum concentration.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Drug absorption and metabolism
    • Clinical pharmacology

    Background:

    • Trimethoprim is an antibiotic commonly prescribed for various infections.
    • Understanding factors affecting trimethoprim absorption is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes.
    • Dietary intake can influence the bioavailability of orally administered medications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of food and guar on the absorption of trimethoprim suspension.
    • To determine the optimal administration conditions for maximal trimethoprim efficacy.

    Main Methods:

    • A randomized, Latin-squares study design was employed.
    • Twelve healthy adult volunteers participated in the study.
    • Serum and urine trimethoprim concentrations were monitored over 24 hours post-administration.

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    Main Results:

    • Fasting administration resulted in significantly higher mean peak serum trimethoprim concentrations compared to fed states (p < 0.001).
    • Food ingestion, with or without guar, decreased the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22.2%.
    • The time to reach peak serum concentration was not affected by food intake.

    Conclusions:

    • Food consumption significantly reduces trimethoprim absorption and bioavailability.
    • For maximal therapeutic effect, trimethoprim suspension should be administered on an empty stomach, between meals.
    • Guar, a dietary fiber, did not alter the effect of food on trimethoprim absorption.