Differential gene expression of ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-9 and TIMP-3 in periodontitis

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) are metalloproteinases that bind to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to regulate tissue remodeling and homeostasis. ADAMTS can be inhibited by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Expression of ADAMTS increases under inflammatory conditions. We investigated the mRNA expression of ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-9 and TIMP-3 genes in both healthy gingival tissues and periodontitis. Clinical periodontal measurements were conducted and gingival biopsies were obtained from stage IIIgrade C generalized periodontitis and healthy (control) groups. mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR). All clinical periodontal parameters were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than for the control group. ADAMTS-1 levels were significantly higher in the periodontitis group and were significantly correlated with clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth. Differences in ADAMTS-9 and TIMP-3 mRNA in the periodontitis group compared to the control group were not statistically significant. Increased ADAMTS-1 mRNA expression in periodontitis indicates that members of the ADAMTS family of metalloproteinases are associated with pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. Maintaining balance between ADAMTS and TIMP is important for limiting ECM catabolism and preventing tissue damage.