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Comparison of cytokine mediators in type 2 inflammatory conditions on the skin and ocular surface

Jamie Chen1, Leonard Bielory1,2,3,4

  • 1Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 12, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Type 2 cytokines impact both skin and ocular surface atopic diseases, causing similar symptoms like barrier dysfunction and itching. Understanding these shared pathways offers new treatment options for chronic eye conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • The conjunctiva, an ocular surface tissue, shares embryological origins with skin.
  • Atopic skin diseases frequently involve the ocular surface.
  • Type 2 cytokine pathways are well-studied in skin but less understood on the ocular surface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare the roles of type 2 cytokines in skin and ocular surface disorders.
  • To highlight potential overlapping cytokine impacts for therapeutic insights.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on type 2 cytokines.
  • Comparison of cytokine roles in skin versus ocular surface atopic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated type 2 cytokines induce similar pathogenic responses in skin and eyes, including barrier dysfunction, tissue remodeling, and immune cell recruitment.
  • Key overlapping cytokines include IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, TSLP, and IL-31.
  • These shared pathways suggest potential immunomodulatory treatments for ocular disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Type 2 cytokines play a critical role in both atopic skin and ocular surface diseases.
  • Shared immunopathogenic mechanisms offer opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies targeting ocular surface inflammation and chronic eye conditions.

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