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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.

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Synthesis of Terpolymers at Mild Temperatures Using Dynamic Sulfur Bonds in PolyS-Divinylbenzene

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Regulating Polysulfide Conversion Kinetics Using Tungsten Diboride as Additive For High-Performance Li-S Battery.

Tuhin Subhra Sahu¹, Abhijitha V G², Ipsita Pal¹

¹Electrochemical Energy Laboratory, Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|September 12, 2022

Summary

This study enhances lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries by using hollow carbon spheres and tungsten diboride nanoparticles in the cathode, alongside a protected anode, to overcome key limitations and improve performance.

Keywords:

dissociative adsorption lithium-sulfur batteries molecular adsorption polymer protected anodes polysulfide catalysis pouch cell tungsten diboride

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Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway

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Published on: March 7, 2022

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries face challenges like low sulfur utilization, polysulfide shuttling, and anode degradation, hindering practical application.
Developing advanced cathode materials and protective anode strategies is crucial for high-performance Li-S batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance Li-S battery performance by addressing polysulfide dissolution and improving sulfur utilization.
To develop a novel cathode structure incorporating hollow carbon spheres and tungsten diboride nanoparticles.
To engineer a protected anode to ensure stable cycling.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of hollow carbon (HC) spheres as a sulfur host.
Incorporation of tungsten diboride (WB2) nanoparticles as a conductive additive and polysulfide anchor.
Fabrication of a freestanding lithiated-poly(4-styrene sulfonate) membrane for anode protection.
Experimental testing and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to analyze WB2-polysulfide interactions.

Main Results:

WB2 nanoparticles effectively anchor lithium polysulfides (LiPS) via B-S bond formation, accelerating their conversion.
DFT confirms WB2's strong interaction with LiPS, reducing shuttling.
The protected anode provides a stable interface and homogeneous Li-ion flux.
Cells with the optimized cathode and anode show improved active material utilization, rate capability, and cycling stability.

Conclusions:

The synergistic effect of HC spheres and WB2 nanoparticles in the cathode, combined with the protected anode, significantly boosts Li-S battery performance.
This approach demonstrates potential for high sulfur loading and reduced electrolyte usage.
The developed Li-S battery architecture exhibits high reversible capacity and excellent capacity retention.