Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 28, 2025
08:50
Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
Published on: February 25, 2020
7.0K
Biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumors
Vidit Kapoor1, William James Kelly2
1Mays Cancer Center, UT Health San Antonio, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors offer survival benefits in solid tumors. Biomarkers like PD-L1 and tumor mutational burden help select patients for these advanced cancer therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used for solid organ malignancies, showing survival advantages over chemotherapy.
- Patient and histology stratification is crucial for optimizing ICI efficacy.
- Biomarkers are needed to guide patient selection for ICI therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence for various biomarkers used in selecting patients for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
- To highlight the utility of specific biomarkers in different cancer types and clinical trials.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of immune biomarkers for ICI therapy.
- Focus on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), gene expression profiles (GEPs), circulating biomarkers, and the gut microbiome.
- Analysis of data from clinical trials like GARNET and CheckMate142.
Main Results:
- Evidence supports the use of PD-L1 testing in lung and urothelial cancers.
- Other biomarkers including dMMR, TMB, and TILs show promise for patient stratification.
- Emerging data from trials like GARNET and CheckMate142 are refining biomarker utility.
Conclusions:
- Several biomarkers can help stratify patients for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in solid tumors.
- PD-L1 testing is valuable in specific malignancies, with ongoing research exploring other biomarkers and trial data.
