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Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids
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Microfluidic Formulation of Topological Hydrogels for Microtissue Engineering.

Katarzyna O Rojek1, Monika Ćwiklińska1, Julia Kuczak1

  • 1Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.

Chemical Reviews
|September 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Microfluidics enables precise fabrication of complex microtissues using topological hydrogels for drug testing and regenerative medicine. These advanced biomaterials offer controlled environments for tissue engineering and disease modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidics is a key technology for creating functional microtissues.
  • These microtissues have applications in drug testing, regenerative medicine, and cell therapies.
  • Recent advances focus on complex microgel structures with controlled topologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in microfluidic fabrication of topological microgels.
  • To highlight the formulation of cell-encapsulating microgels with defined dimensionalities and internal structures.
  • To discuss tissue-specific applications and future challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Microfluidic techniques for formulating cell-encapsulating microgels.
  • Exploitation of various cross-linking mechanisms for hydrogel formation.

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  • Methods for achieving compartmentalization and complex internal topologies (e.g., core-shell, Janus, hollow, porous).

    • Main Results:

    • Successful fabrication of topological microgels (0D, 1D, 2D) with controlled internal structures.
    • Demonstration of microtissues engineered for various organs (pancreas, liver, heart, etc.).
    • Application in creating tailored microenvironments for stem cells and cancer models, including vascularized tumors.

    Conclusions:

    • Microfluidic formulation of topological biomaterials significantly advances miniature organ engineering.
    • These methods provide controlled initial conditions for cell proliferation and maturation.
    • Challenges remain in workflow simplification, upscaling, in vivo validation, and clinical translation.