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Updated: Aug 28, 2025

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Published on: June 24, 2025
Shaquib Al Hasan1,2,3,4,5, Levi Neal-Herman1,2,3,4,5, Holly S Norman1,2,3,4,5
1Shaquib Al Hasan, MS, Social and Administrative Pharmacy Graduate Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
A patient-centered self-management support program for clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) significantly reduced emergency department visits and hospitalizations in the first 30 days. The program also improved adherence to prescribed CIC usage, highlighting its value in chronic care.
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