[Treatment and progress of cutaneous neurofibroma]

To summarize current widely-used therapies for cutaneous neurofibroma (cNF) and related research progress.

Based on extensive investigation of domestic and foreign research, the existing treatment of cNF, including the indications, effectiveness and trials of targeted drugs were reviewed.

cNF is a hallmark feature of neurofibromatosis type 1 and has a dramatic negative impact on patient appearance and quality of life. At present, there is no standard management of cNF. Invasive treatment is a commonly-used treatment. Surgical removal gives excellent cosmetic results, but it is difficult for multiple tumors; CO₂ laser ablation, laser photocoagulation, electro-drying, and radiofrequency ablation are effective in treating lots of cNF at one time. Although fast and effective, these therapies can lead to depigmentation, hyperpigmentation, or extensive scarring. There is no targeted drug approval for cNF, and a series of studies have been carried out on the Ras-MEK pathway, Ras-mTOR pathway, receptor tyrosine kinase, et al.

The treatment of cNF has developed rapidly in recent years and has broad prospects, but the individualization and precision of the treatment still needs further clinical research.