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Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

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When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
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Plastic hexahedral FEM for surgical simulation.

Ruiliang Gao1, Jörg Peters2

  • 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.

International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
|September 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new finite element method (FEM) for surgical simulation, accurately modeling plastic tissue deformation using hexahedral meshes. This approach enhances surgical planning by predicting tissue behavior under stress.

Keywords:
HyperelasticityLaparoscopicPlasticitySurgery simulatorTissue

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Area of Science:

  • Computational mechanics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Surgical simulation

Background:

  • Soft-tissue manipulations are integral to surgery.
  • Excessive force during surgery can cause plastic deformation, impacting surgical outcomes.
  • Accurate modeling of tissue deformation is crucial for effective surgical simulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the finite element method (FEM) for modeling tissue plasticity in surgical simulations.
  • To develop a hexahedral mesh-based approach for simulating large plastic deformations in soft tissues.
  • To enhance the open-source Simulation Open Framework Architecture (SOFA) with hyperelastic and plastic deformation capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Extended volumetric FEM to model tissue plasticity using hexahedral thick shells or embedded organs.
  • Integrated plasticity into the SOFA framework (Caribou) by factoring deformation gradients into elastic and plastic components.
  • Implemented techniques to avoid re-meshing, such as limits on element twist and plasticity bounds, while enforcing volume preservation.

Main Results:

  • Developed a hexahedral FEM that overcomes limitations of tetrahedral FEM for surgical simulation.
  • Extended hyperelastic FEM to include stretching plasticity in hexahedral elements.
  • Demonstrated that high-order accurate blended-vertex deformation allows coarse hex meshes to model large deformations without re-meshing.
  • Verified volume preservation for significant deformations and compared different plasticity models.

Conclusions:

  • Generated hexahedral meshes can be directly used for finite element analysis of plastic deformation.
  • The developed method provides accurate simulations of tissue plasticity suitable for surgical applications.
  • The enhanced SOFA framework with Caribou offers a robust tool for advanced surgical simulation.