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Prevotella oris: A lesser known etiological agent of pleural effusion

Lakshmi Shree Viswanath1, Anitha Gunalan1, Imola Jamir1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605 006, India.

Anaerobe
|September 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Prevotella oris, a gram-negative anaerobe, can cause opportunistic infections. This case highlights its isolation from pleural pus in a patient with chest pain and pleural effusion, suggesting a role in endogenous infection.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Case Reports

Background:

  • Prevotella are gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria, commonly found as commensals in the human gastrointestinal and oral tracts.
  • While generally considered commensals, certain Prevotella strains are recognized as opportunistic pathogens capable of causing endogenous infections.

Observation:

  • A 51-year-old male presented with symptoms of right-sided chest pain.
  • Initial chest X-ray revealed mild haziness in the right lung, leading to a diagnosis of right-sided pleural effusion.

Findings:

  • Pleural pus from the patient was cultured.
  • Prevotella oris was successfully isolated from the pleural pus culture.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for Prevotella oris to act as an opportunistic pathogen in endogenous infections.
  • The findings suggest that Prevotella species, beyond their typical commensal roles, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pleural infections.

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