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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

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Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
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Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Diversity of Protists II01:27

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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

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Structural insights into Plasmodium PPIases.

Sreekanth Rajan1, Ho Sup Yoon1,2,3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|September 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Drug-resistant malaria requires new targets. This review explores Plasmodium Peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) as novel antimalarial drug targets, summarizing structural insights and drug discovery perspectives.

Keywords:
FK506FKBPPPIasecyclophilincyclosporinmalariaplasmodium

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Last Updated: Aug 28, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Structural Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains.
  • Novel antimalarial drug targets are urgently needed to combat resistance.
  • A chemo-genomics approach can identify new drug targets and mechanisms of action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review structural insights into Plasmodium Peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases).
  • To explore PPIases as potential antimalarial drug targets.
  • To summarize perspectives on drug discovery targeting Plasmodium PPIases.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and structural characterization of Plasmodium PPIases (cyclophilins and FK506-binding proteins).
  • Analysis of inhibitor complexes with Plasmodium PPIases.
  • Review of previous studies on targeting Plasmodium FKBP35 with non-immunosuppressive drugs.

Main Results:

  • Plasmodium parasites contain PPIases, which are targets of immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporin A, FK506, and rapamycin.
  • Structural data on Plasmodium PPIases and their inhibitor complexes have been generated.
  • Non-immunosuppressive drugs targeting FKBP35 have been investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmodium PPIases represent promising targets for novel antimalarial drug development.
  • Structural information is crucial for designing effective inhibitors.
  • Further research into PPIase inhibitors could lead to new therapeutic strategies against malaria.