Circulating Amyloid-β and Methionine-Related Metabolites to Predict the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Nested

Jingzhu Fu1,2, Yun Zhu3,2, Yue Sun1,2

  • 1Department of Nutrition & Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Abstract

Insights

This study developed a simple blood test to predict mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk in older adults. The nomogram uses amyloid-beta ratio, homocysteine, and SAM/SAH ratio for early MCI identification.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Amyloid PET and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer's diagnosis are costly and invasive.
  • There is a need for accessible, non-invasive biomarkers for early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess associations between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and circulating amyloid-beta (Aβ), methionine circulating metabolites (MCMs), and their downstream products.
  • To develop a predictive nomogram for MCI risk in older adults using easily accessible blood biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • A nested case-control study within the Tianjin Elderly Nutrition and Cognition (TENC) cohort.
  • Measured Aβ, MCMs, leukocyte telomere length, and inflammatory cytokines in blood samples.
  • Constructed a nomogram using multivariable logistic models and Lasso regression.

Main Results:

  • A prediction nomogram was developed using Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, homocysteine (Hcy), and SAM/SAH ratio.
  • The model demonstrated favorable discrimination (C-statistic = 0.75) and satisfactory calibration (Brier score = 0.161).

Conclusions:

  • An individualized prediction nomogram using three blood biomarkers (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, Hcy, SAM/SAH ratio) was developed.
  • This nomogram facilitates convenient early identification of MCI risk in older adults.
  • The findings support the development of high-risk prevention strategies for MCI.