Maintaining Breastfeeding During the Treatment of Breast Abscesses Is Not Contraindicated

World Health Organization guidelines recommend maintaining breastfeeding if a woman develops breast abscess, because of benefits to her recovery and the infant's health. However, clinical staff recommend weaning to promote faster recovery from the abscess. The purpose of this study was to determine whether maintaining breastfeeding after development of a breast abscess has any influence on the resolution of the breast abscess. The records of 212 patients who were breastfeeding and developed breast abscess treated at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: those who maintained breastfeeding (study group) and those who stopped breastfeeding (control group). There were 139 patients in study group and 73 patients in the control group. Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. The time to cure in the study group and in the control group was 7.20 ± 2.21 days and 7.01 ± 2.39 days, respectively (t = 0.579, p = 0.563). Common complications were milk fistula and galactocele, and the frequency of both was similar between the two groups (milk fistula: 7.9% versus 8.2%, respectively; χ² = 0.006, p = 0.938; galactocele: 8.6% versus 9.6%, respectively; χ² = 0.054, p = 0.817). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rates between the two groups (5.0% versus 2.7%; χ² = 0.184, p = 0.668). Maintaining breastfeeding during treatment of breast abscess does not affect the outcome of treatment provided, on condition that the abscess is treated appropriately.