Basic concept for implantation technique of total artificial heart in humans: a review from cadaver implantations

To develop the application technique of the total artificial heart in humans, it is important to establish a concept about the implantation procedures. Based on cadaver experiments with various types of prosthetic ventricles, some aspects in solving the surgical difficulties were described. Special interest was directed to the geometric topography, the optimal design of the prosthetic ventricles, and the possible surgical solution. Under consideration of spatial differences, especially from that of experimental animals, a proposal was made to place the left and right artificial ventricle with the goal of avoiding compression of the inflow tract or obstruction of the outflow. The design of the connection parts and the angles of the inflow and outflow tracts of the artificial ventricles is essential for good results.