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Mortality audit of COVID-19 infection among children

Raman Sharma1, Ashish Agarwal1, Ankit Ranjan2

  • 1Division of Paediatric Emergency & Critical Care, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|September 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

In children with SARS-CoV-2 infection, all-cause mortality was 9.9%, while COVID-19 specific mortality was 1.9%. Most deaths were linked to underlying comorbidities, not solely the virus.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 is uncommon in children, leading to limited data on mortality causes.
  • Understanding mortality in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections is crucial for accurate risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine all-cause mortality and COVID-19 specific mortality in children admitted to a pediatric COVID facility.
  • To identify the causes of death in non-survivor children infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical and epidemiological data of SARS-CoV-2 positive children (0-12 years).
  • Study conducted at a tertiary care COVID hospital in North India from April 2020 to June 2021.
  • Focused on non-survivors to determine causes of death.

Main Results:

  • 475 children admitted, 47 died (9.9% all-cause mortality).
  • COVID-19 specific mortality was 1.9% (9 deaths).
  • Comorbidities (prematurity, congenital heart disease) were present in 74.5%; common causes of death included septic shock, COVID pneumonia, and neonatal illnesses.

Conclusions:

  • A low disease-specific mortality from COVID-19 was observed in children.
  • Mortality in pediatric COVID-19 cases can be overestimated if all-cause and disease-specific deaths are not differentiated.
  • Standardized recording of causes of death in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections is essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
AuditCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2comorbiditiesmortalitypaediatric

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