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Occupational stress and common mental disorders: how do coping strategies work?
Elis Souza Machado1, Tânia Maria de Araújo2, Camila Carvalho de Sousa2
1Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Summary
Occupational stressors increase the risk of common mental disorders, particularly in women. Physical activity can mitigate this risk, highlighting the importance of workplace stress reduction and gender-sensitive coping strategies.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Occupational stress significantly impacts worker mental health.
- Coping strategies are crucial for mitigating these effects.
- Understanding the interplay between stressors, coping, and mental health is vital.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the link between occupational stressors and common mental disorders.
- To investigate the role of coping strategies in this association.
- To explore potential gender differences in these relationships.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 3,343 healthcare workers in Bahia, Brazil.
- Utilized Self-Reporting Questionnaire for mental disorders and Job Content Questionnaire for stressors.
- Analyzed coping strategies including physical activity, leisure, social support, alcohol, and smoking, with sex-stratified analyses.
Main Results:
- Occupational stressors strongly correlated with common mental disorders, especially in women.
- Physical activity demonstrated a protective effect against common mental disorders.
- Leisure activities showed a non-significant trend towards protection; social support, alcohol, and smoking were not associated with mental health outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Occupational stressors, particularly high demand, are linked to common mental disorders, even after accounting for coping mechanisms.
- Positive coping strategies, like physical activity, play a protective role in mental health.
- Interventions should focus on reducing workplace stress, promoting healthy coping, and addressing gender disparities.
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