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Bio-electrostatic sensitive droplet lasers for molecular detection.

Ziyihui Wang1, Yifan Zhang2, Xuerui Gong2

  • 1School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China.

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|September 22, 2022
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Summary

This study introduces a novel liquid crystal microlaser for ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules. The bioelectrostatic responsive sensor achieves high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range for label-free biosensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Electrostatics are crucial for biomolecular interactions, making their monitoring vital for diagnostics and biomedical applications.
  • Existing biosensing methods often lack the sensitivity and dynamic range required for certain biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a bioelectrostatic responsive microlaser for ultrasensitive detection of negatively charged biomolecules.
  • To explore the application of liquid crystal (LC) droplets as optical resonators for label-free biosensing.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a whispering gallery mode (WGM) laser using positively charged LC microdroplets as the optical resonator.
  • Utilizing the lasing wavelength shift as the sensing parameter to detect molecular electrostatic changes at the droplet biointerface.
  • Comparison with conventional polarized optical microscopy to quantify sensitivity and dynamic range improvements.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that molecular electrostatic changes at the droplet biointerface induce a measurable shift in the laser spectra.
  • Achieved a four-orders-of-magnitude improvement in sensitivity and dynamic range compared to conventional methods.
  • Identified the surface-to-volume ratio as a critical factor influencing detection sensitivity in WGM laser microsensors.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LC microlaser offers a highly sensitive and label-free platform for biomolecule detection.
  • Demonstrated potential applications in biosensing with a detection limit as low as 1 picomolar (pM) for bovine serum albumin.
  • Provides a novel alternative for monitoring molecular interactions and advancing ultrasensitive biosensing technologies.